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The history of the Boyana Church is divided onto three stages of construction: stage one from late 10th and early 11th century; stage two in mid 13th century and stage three in the mid 19th century. The eastern part of the church is a small one-apse cross of dome building with inbuilt buttress that form an inscribed cross. The north and south façade decorations include three shallow niches of which the niche in the middle is higher, and the dogtooth that is a recurrent motif in monuments from the First Bulgarian Kingdom.
In the 13th century the sebastocrator Kaloyan and his wife Dessislava donated the money to build the second two-level part of the Church, which is of the two-level church-cum-tomb type. Tiles are characteristic of the facade decoration. The upper level repeats the architectural type of the original church; a semi-cylindrical vault covers the lower level; the northern and the southern walls contain two arcosolium niches.
The last part of the church was built with donations from the local people in the mid 19th century.
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